Sabtu, 30 Juli 2011

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines -- for Saturday, July 30, 2011

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines

for Saturday, July 30, 2011

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Fall of the Neanderthals: Volume of modern humans infiltrating Europe cited as critical factor (July 29, 2011) -- New research sheds light on why, after 300,000 years of domination, European Neanderthals abruptly disappeared. Researchers have discovered that modern humans coming from Africa swarmed the region, arriving with over ten times the population as the Neanderthal inhabitants. ... > full story

Oral interferon may prevent and control avian influenza virus infection (July 29, 2011) -- Avian influenza virus is a threat to the commercial chicken industry and, with its recent rapid spread across China, has also shown the ability for transmission from chickens to humans and other mammals. ... > full story

Cellular power plant genome mutates when reprogrammed: Genetic changes in mitochondrial genome of human induced pluripotent stem cells (July 29, 2011) -- Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are truly talented multi-taskers. They can reproduce almost all cell types and thus offer great hope in the fight against diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. However, it would appear that their use is not entirely without risk: during the reprogramming of body cells into iPS cells, disease-causing mutations can creep into the genetic material. The genome of the mitochondria -- the cell's protein factories -- is particularly vulnerable to such changes, according to new research. Scientists encountered mutations in the mitochondrial genome of iPS cells. Because such genetic mutations can cause diseases, the cells should be tested for such mutations before being used for clinical applications. ... > full story

Packing on pounds riskier for South Asians, say researchers (July 29, 2011) -- A new study has found that some ethnic groups are more likely to be adding dangerous fat onto their internal organs like their liver when they gain weight, while others just add it to their waistline. ... > full story

Doggedly tracking badgers (July 29, 2011) -- How far would you drive in the Badger State to find a badger -- or even a burrow? One graduate student has traveled more than 300 miles -- more than once -- only to find her research subject had moved on to a new address. ... > full story

Fair play -- a question of self-image? Researchers explain conditions under which people are prepared to behave fairly (July 29, 2011) -- Why do people behave selfishly and accept that their behavior may have negative consequences for others? Researchers in Germany investigated this question in a laboratory experiment. They found that such behavior often depends on whether information about the consequences for others can be ignored. Based on their findings, the researchers believe that conclusions can be drawn on, for instance, how the marketing of fair trade products could be improved. ... > full story

'Brain cap' technology turns thought into motion; Mind-machine interface could lead to new life-changing technologies for millions of people (July 29, 2011) -- "Brain cap" technology now being developed allows users to turn their thoughts into motion. Researchers have created a noninvasive, sensor-lined cap with neural interface software that soon could be used to control computers, robotic prosthetic limbs, motorized wheelchairs and even digital avatars. ... > full story

Traumatic brain injury linked with tenfold increase in stroke risk (July 29, 2011) -- Suffering a trauma to the brain may increase the risk of stroke tenfold within three months, according to new research. This is the first study to show a direct correlation between traumatic brain injury and stroke. Researchers suggest neuroimaging, intensive monitoring and stroke education for anyone incurring a traumatic brain injury. ... > full story

Out-of-the-blue panic attacks aren't without warning: Body sends signals for hour before (July 29, 2011) -- Panic attacks that seem to strike out-of-the-blue are not without warning after all, says psychologists. A new study found significant physiological instability one hour before patients reported feeling a panic attack. The patients wore portable recorders around-the-clock that monitored bodily functions like respiration and heart rate. The findings suggest potentially new treatments for panic, and re-examination of other "unexpected" medical problems, including seizures, strokes and manic episodes. ... > full story

Gene discovery in truffle dogs sheds new light on mechanisms of childhood epilepsy (July 29, 2011) -- A new epilepsy gene, LGI2, has been found in the Lagotto Romagnolo dogs, known from their gift for truffle hunting. ... > full story

Genetic evidence clears Ben Franklin: Invasive tree afflicting Gulf Coast was not brought to U.S. by famed statesman (July 29, 2011) -- The DNA evidence is in, and Ben Franklin didn't do it. Genetic tests on more than 1,000 Chinese tallow trees from the United States and China show that Franklin did not import the tallow trees that are overrunning thousands of acres of U.S. coastal prairie from Florida to East Texas. The study found that the invasive strain of the tree was likely imported by federal biologists around 1905. ... > full story

Scary driving? Put the brakes on using your brain power (July 29, 2011) -- Researchers have used drivers' brain signals, for the first time, to assist in braking, providing much quicker reaction times and a potential solution to the thousands of car accidents that are caused by human error. ... > full story


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